North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico
Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care, education, social services, and economic competitiveness, as well as responding to the particular concerns of predominantly francophone Quebec. Economically and technologically, the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across the world's longest international border. Canada repatriated its constitution from the UK in 1982, severing a final colonial tie. Since the end of World War II, the economy has achieved relatively steady growth, low unemployment and inflation, and rapid advances in technology.Ī land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867, while retaining ties to the British crown.
Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65), in which a northern Union of states defeated a secessionist Confederacy of 11 southern slave states, and the Great Depression of the 1930s, an economic downturn during which about a quarter of the labor force lost its jobs. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. Britain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognized as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
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